A
- Herb Aach (1923–1985), American painter an writer
- Hans von Aachen (1552–1615), German mannerist
- Pacita Abad (1946–2004), multi-media artist and painter, born in the Philippines
- Riza Abbasi (1565–1635), Persian miniaturist, painter and calligrapher of the Isfahan School
- Niccolò dell' Abbate (ca. 1510–1571), Italian painter of the first School of Fontainebleau
- Giuseppe Abbati (1836–1868), Italian artist of the Macchiaioli group
- Louise Abbéma (1853–1927), French painter, sculptor, and designer
- Edwin Austin Abbey (1852–1911), American artist, illustrator and painter
- Mary Abbott (1921–2019), American abstract expressionist
- Basuki Abdullah (1915–1993), Southeast Asian realist
- Rowena Meeks Abdy (1887–1945), American modernist landscape
- Josef Abel (1768–1818), Austrian historical painter and etcher
- Evelyn Abelson (1886–1967), English artist
- Gertrude Abercrombie (1909–1977), American artist
- Johann Ludwig Aberli (1723–1786)
- Anna Maria Barbara Abesch (1706–1773), Swiss reverse glass painter
- Nikolaj Abraham Abildgaard (1743–1809), Danish artist and antiquarian draughtsman
- Ruth Abrahams (1931–2000), British artist
- Herbert Abrams (1921–2003), American portraitist
- Ruth Abrams (1912–1986)
- Philip Absolon (born 1960), British artist and a founder member of the Stuckists art group
- Otto Abt (1903–1982), Swiss surrealist
- Ismail Acar (born 1971), Turkish painter
- Bernard Accama (1697–1756), Dutch historical and portrait painter
- Andreas Achenbach (1815–1910), German landscape painter
- Oswald Achenbach (1827–1905), German landscape painter
- Elinor Proby Adams (1885–1945), British painter and illustrator
- Ottis Adams (1851–1927), American impressionist
- Pat Adams (born 1902), American painter and printmaker
- Sarah Gough Adamson (1883–1963), British landscape painter
- Mary Adshead (1906–1983), English painter and muralist
- Jankel Adler (1895–1949), Polish painter and printmaker
- Willem van Aelst (1627–1683), Dutch Golden Age artist specializing in still-life painting
- Pieter Aertsen (1508–1575), Dutch historical painter
- Nadir Afonso (born 1920), geometric abstractionist painter
- Yaacov Agam (born 1928), Israeli sculptor and experimental artist
- Lubna Agha (born 1949), South Asian artist
- Jacques-Laurent Agasse (1767–1848), animal and landscape painter
- Knud Agger (1895–1973), Danish painter
- Christoph Ludwig Agricola (1667–1719), German landscape painter
- An Gyeon (15th century), Korean painter
- Ai Xuan (born 1945), Chinese painter
- Ai-Mitsu (1907–1946), Japanese surrealist
- Edgar Ainsworth (1905–1975), British painter and illustrator
- Ivan Aivazovsky (1817–1900), Russian painter of Armenian descent, especially of seascapes
- Tadeusz Ajdukiewicz (1852–1916), Polish painter of portraits
- Ras Akyem, Barbadian
- Francesco Albani (1578–1660), Italian Baroque
- Josef Albers (1888–1976), German-born American artist, mathematician and educator
- Mariotto Albertinelli (1474–1515), High Renaissance Italian painter of the Florentine school
- Giocondo Albertolli (1743–1839), Swiss-born architect, painter, and sculptor active in Italy during the Neoclassical period
- Ivan Albright (1897–1983), magic realist painter and artist, especially of self-portraits, character studies, and still lifes
- Kazimierz Alchimowicz (1840–1916), Lithuanian-born, Polish romantic painter
- Alcopley (1910–1992), German-American artist at the New York School
- Eileen Aldridge (1916–1990), British painter
- Pierre Alechinsky (born 1927), Belgian artist
- George Aleef (1887–1970), Russian historical painter
- Fyodor Alekseyev (1753–1824), Russian painter of landscapes
- Mikoláš Aleš (1852–1913), Czech
- Larry D. Alexander (born 1953), American artist (realism), teacher, and author
- Lena Alexander (1899-1983), Scottish painter
- Else Alfelt (1910–1974), Danish painter and one of the two women in the CoBrA movement
- Brian Alfred (born 1974), New York painter who specializes in depictions of urban spaces
- Jessie Algie (1859–1927), Scottish painter
- David Allan (1744–1796), Scottish painter, especially of historical subjects
- Griselda Allan (1905–1987), British flower painter
- Rosemary Allan (1911–2008), British artist
- Daphne Allen (1899–1985), British painter
- Kathleen Allen (1906–1983), English painter and muralist
- Alessandro Allori (1535–1607), Italian portrait painter of the late Mannerist Florentine school
- Cristofano Allori (1577–1621), Italian portrait painter of the late Mannerist Florentine school
- Washington Allston (1779–1843), American poet and painter
- Laura Theresa Alma-Tadema (1852–1909), second wife of the painter Lawrence Alma-Tadema and a painter in her own right
- Lawrence Alma-Tadema (1836–1912), Dutch-born English painter, especially of luxury and decadence of the Roman Empire
- Almeida Júnior (1859–1899), Brazilian realist
- Charles Alston (1907–1977), African American artist, muralist, and teacher
- Margareta Alströmer (1763–1816), Swedish painter and singer
- Rudolf von Alt (1812–1908), Austrian landscape and architectural painter
- Albrecht Altdorfer (1480–1538), German landscape painter, printmaker and architect of the Renaissance era
- Altichiero (1330–1395), Italian painter of the Gothic style
- John Altoon (1925–1969), American
- Pedro Álvarez Castelló (1967–2004), Cuban artist
- Edmond Aman-Jean (1860–1936), French symbolist
- Tarsila do Amaral (1886–1973), Latin American modernist artist
- Christoph Amberger (ca. 1505–1561), German Northern Renaissance painter of the Augsburg School
- Friedrich von Amerling (1803–1887), Austro-Hungarian portrait painter in the court of Franz Josef
- Cuno Amiet (1868–1961), Swiss modernist artist
- Jacopo Amigoni (1682–1752), Italian painter of the late-Baroque or Rococo period
- Rodolfo Amoedo (1857–1941), Brazilian painter and interior designer
- Rick Amor (born 1948), Australian war artist and figurative painter
- An Zhengwen, Chinese painter of the Ming Dynasty
- Anna Ancher (1859–1935), Danish pictorial artist, especially of interiors and simple themes from the everyday lives of the Skagen people
- Michael Ancher (1849–1927), Danish portrait
- Werner Andermatt (1916–2013), Swiss
- Caesar Andrade Faini (1913–1995), Ecuadorian painter and teacher
- Sophie Gengembre Anderson (1823–1903), French-born British artist who specialised in genre painting of children and women, typically in rural settings
- Emma Andijewska (born 1931), Ukrainian surrealist painter, poet and writer
- Ion Andreescu (1850–1882), Romanian impressionist
- Constantine Andreou (1917–2007), painter and sculptor of Greek origin
- Michael Andrews (1928–1995)
- Anthony Angarola (1893–1929), American
- Marie Angel (1923–2010), English artist
- Fra Angelico (1387–1445), Early Italian Renaissance
- Heinz Anger (born 1941), Austrian
- Hermenegildo Anglada Camarasa (1872–1952), Spanish
- Gaston Anglade (1854-1919), French
- Charles Angrand (1854–1926), French neo-Impressionist painter and anarchist
- Sofonisba Anguissola (1532–1625), Italian painter of the Renaissance
- Peggy Angus (1904-1993), British painter and designer of tiles and textiles
- Rita Angus (1908–1970), New Zealand painter of portraits and landscapes
- Albert Anker (1831–1910), Swiss
- Louis Anquetin (1861–1932), French painter and author
- Pieter van Anraedt (1635–1678), Dutch Golden Age painter of history scenes
- Lizzy Ansingh (1875–1959), Dutch
- Mary Anne Ansley (fl.1810–1840), English painter
- Horst Antes (born 1936), German painter and sculptor
- Cornelis Anthonisz. (ca. 1505–1553), Dutch Mannerist
- Richard Anuszkiewicz (born 1930), American artist of Op Art
- Aoki Shigeru (1882–1911), Japanese
- Aoshima Chiho (born 1974), Japanese Pop artist
- Apelles (4th century BCE), painter of ancient Greece
- Zvest Apollonio (1935–2009), Italian/Slovenian painter and scenographer
- Karel Appel (1921–2006), Dutch painter, sculptor and poet
- Leonard Appelbee (1914–2000), English painter and printmaker
- Joseph Ignaz Appiani (1706–1785), German painter
- Félix Arauz (born 1935), Latin American painter from Ecuador
- Janet Archer (fl.1873–1916), English painter
- Giuseppe Arcimboldo (1527–1593), Italian painter especially of portrait heads made entirely of objects such as fruits and vegetables
- Arent Arentsz (1585–1631), Dutch Golden Age landscape painter
- Avigdor Arikha (1929–2010), Israeli and French painter, printmaker, and art historian
- Abram Arkhipov (1862–1930), Russian realist
- John Armleder (born 1948), Swiss Neo-Geo artist of paintings and sculptures
- John Armstrong (1893–1973), English surrealist artist
- Georg Arnold-Graboné (1896–1982), German impressionist
- Jean Arp (1886–1966), German-French sculptor, painter, poet and abstract artist
- Eugenio de Arriba (1934-1977), Spanish painter
- Art & Language (founded 1968), British conceptual artists, writers and painters
- Richard Artschwager (born 1929), American painter, illustrator and sculptor
- Asai Chū (1856–1907), Japanese painter, noted for his pioneering work in developing the yōga (Western-style) art movement
- Pieter Jansz van Asch (1603–1678), Dutch Golden Age
- Pamela Ascherson (1923–2010), English painter and sculptor
- Ásgrímur Jónsson (1876–1958), Icelandic
- Dennis Ashbaugh (born 1946), American
- Ashiyuki Gigadō (early-19th century), Japanese ukiyo-e artist
- Hans Asper (1499–1571), Swiss
- Jan Asselijn (1610–1652), Dutch Golden Age
- Balthasar van der Ast (1593–1657), Dutch Golden Age
- Nikolai Astrup (1880–1928), Norwegian neo-romantic painter and printmaker
- Jean-Michel Atlan (1913–1960), French artist
- René Auberjonois (1872–1957), Swiss artist
- Étienne Aubry (1746–1781), French
- Louis-François Aubry (1770–1850), French portraitist
- Mary Audsley (1919–2008), English painter and sculptor
- John James Audubon (1785–1851), American ornithologist, naturalist, hunter, and painter
- Frank Auerbach (born 1931), German-born British painter especially of female models and scenes of London
- Jules Robert Auguste (1789–1850), French Impressionist painter
- George Ault (1891–1948), American
- Cassandra Austen (1773–1845), English
- Giuseppe Avanzi (1645–1718), Italian Baroque
- Edward Avedisian (1936–2007), American abstract
- Hendrick Avercamp (1585–1634), Dutch Baroque landscape painter of the Dutch Golden Age
- Milton Avery (1885–1965), American modern
- Nikola Avramov (1897–1945), Bulgarian painter especially of still lifes
- Awataguchi Takamitsu
- Joan Ayling (1907-1993), British painter
- Ay-O (born 1931), Japanese artist associated with the Fluxus movement
- Aya Goda (born 1967), Japanese author and artist
- Anton Ažbe (1870–1949), Slovene painter and teacher
- Giovanni Bernardino Azzolini or Mazzolini or Asoleni (c. 1572–c. 1645), Italian
